What Are Cannabis Terpenes and What Do They Do?

Commercial interest and federal funding are leading to more research into the therapeutic benefits of the fragrant molecules known as terpenes. Here's what else you need to know about the little-known compounds that make cannabis a better medicine.

By Madeline Bodin
Jan 18, 2021 3:55 PMSep 29, 2021 5:43 PM
cannabis terpenes lemon - shutterstock
(Credit: Gleti/Shutterstock)

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You may be tempted to take terpenes lightly, because these fragrant compounds are among the favorite chemicals of marijuana mega-fans and aromatherapy advocates. But their turn in the scientific and medical spotlight may have arrived. After decades of strong, but inconclusive, evidence of the role of terpenes in the therapeutic effects of medical cannabis, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) has been funding research on the medical value of terpenes for the last three years.

And with cannabis dispensaries — where legal —  jockeying for a competitive edge, cannabis types with unique terpene profiles are providing a deeper, more nuanced experience for users of cannabis products.

The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences certainly took terpenes seriously 111 years ago. It awarded the 1910 Nobel Prize in Chemistry to Otto Wallach for his work with terpenes. 

What Are Terpenes?

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