The Secret Cleaning Power of Bacteria

Microbes are really good at eating a range of substances, so humans are putting them to work cleaning up our messes — and our art.

By Brianna Barbu
Jul 20, 2021 7:47 PMJul 20, 2021 7:48 PM
Close-up of 3D microscopic blue bacteria
(Credit: paulista/Shutterstock)

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The centuries-old Medici Chapel in Florence, Italy, was long overdue for a deep cleaning. 

Although created to be a spectacular final resting place for members of Renaissance Italy’s most infamous family, the mausoleum had since accumulated a few layers of grime. Its formerly gleaming marble was discolored by glue residue, bits of plaster, oils… and organic matter from the decayed body of Alessandro de’ Medici, whose corpse was not properly eviscerated before being dumped into his father’s crypt in 1537.

After more than a decade of cleaning and restoration work, an all-women team of art historians, conservation scientists and restorers secretly turned to an unconventional method for busting its stubbornest stains last year: applying a paste of bacteria to literally eat them. 

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